The Stack is AI Scotland’s way of visually explaining how AI works across the economy. It shows the different ‘layers’ that need to align — from core technology through to real-world use.
Each layer supports the one above it. Progress in AI depends on strength at every level.
The stack includes:
- Users
- AI Adoption & Skills
- Companies & Products
- Innovation & R&D
- Data Centres & Infrastructure
- Semiconductors
The stack is surrounded by Data and Regulation, recognising that data is the fuel which powers every layer, and that clear, trusted regulation underpins the whole system.
What happens in each layer
Users
People interacting with AI in real-world settings where value is created, through digital platforms and essential services.
AI Adoption & Skills
Organisations applying AI to their processes and building the skills and capability to use AI effectively.
Companies & Products
Businesses turning AI research into practical products and services.
Innovation & R&D
Research and development that creates new AI tools, models and breakthroughs.
Data Centres & Infrastructure
The facilities and networks that store and process data securely at scale.
Semiconductors
The chips that provide the computing power behind AI systems.